Bunchy top disease caused by the banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a serious disease in hill banana. It severely affects the most popular local cultivar lakatan aaa, which is primarily grown on. It was first identified in fiji in 1879, and has spread around the world since then. Banana bunchy top virus an overview sciencedirect topics. Biology, etiology, and control of virus diseases of banana. Cogollo racimoso del banano banana bunchy top virus servicio. Effect of banana bunchy top virus infection on morphology and growth characteristics of banana c.
The most important factors in controlling banana bunchy top virus are killing the aphid vector disease. Pdf banana bunchy top virus bbtv is the most destructive pathogenic virus of banana plants worldwide. The most economically important viruses of banana and plantain are banana bunchy top virus bbtv, a complex of banana streak viruses bsvs and banana bract mosaic virus bbrmv. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv causes one of the most devastating diseases of banana. Video includes background history, identification, aphid control, and treatment of banana bunchy top virus. Development of transgenic bananas for bbtv resistance john hu. Gamma radiation and in vitro induced banana bunchy top. Localization, concentration, and transmission efficiency of banana. Control of the banana aphid is essential for long term management of banana bunchy top disease. Although unequivocal evidence by reproduction of the disease through inoculation of purified virions or cloned genomic components is lacking, definitive association of bbtv with bunchy top. The aphids can acquire and transmit the banana virus during their feeding on infected banana cells. Use of biotechnology to produce transgenic bananas resistance to banana bunchy top virus infection. Emerging disease threats to banana and plantain status of.
Minor crops pest and disease control univ of hawaii. Many factors influence banana production negatively such as banana bunchy top. Localization, concentration, and transmission efficiency of. Latest pest reports international plant protection. Post a photo of it here and we will take a look at it. In democratic republic of congo drc, these crops play a major role in daily life of almost 70% of citizen.
By that time, however, the virus has most likely been spread to other plants by the banana aphid, pentalonia nigronervosa. The disease, often called bbtd for banana bunchy top disease, gets its name from the bunchy appearance of infected plants. The bbtv genome consists of at least 6 circular singlestranded dna ssdna molecules, packaged within isometric. Bbtv is diagnosed by identifying symptoms of diseased. This imposes an obligation on persons to report the presence of.
Evidence for a viral agent a virus, bbtv, is the causal agent of bunchy top disease of banana. Page 2 of 4 j agri sci food res, an open access journal volume 9 issue 4 245. Banana and plantain are also known to be susceptible to five other viruses of minor significance, such as abaca mosaic virus, abaca bunchy top virus, banana mild mosaic virus, banana virus x, and cucumber mosaic virus. Report number zaf341 country south africa pest id banana bunchy top virus bbtv00 report status preliminary hosts banana. Banana bunchy top disease, caused by banana bunchy top virus bbtv, is a serious disease that affects the productivity of banana to a greater extent. The aphid can retain the virus through its adult life, for a period of 1520 days. First detection of banana bunchy top virus in south africa publication date wed, 15 feb 2017. We analyzed 171 banana leaf samples from fourteen countries and recovered, cloned, and sequenced 855 complete bbtv components. Effect of banana bunchy top virus infection on morphology and. Predicting the benefits of banana bunchy top virus. Bbtv is diagnosed by identifying symptoms of diseased plants or by submitting a banana leaf sample to test for the banana bunchy top virus.
Research article effect of banana bunchy top virus infection on morphology and growth characteristics of banana c. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a plant pathogenic virus of the family nanoviridae known for infecting banana plants and other crops. Biotechnology applications for banana and plantain improvement. Feb 15, 2017 first detection of banana bunchy top virus in south africa publication date wed, 15 feb 2017. Banana bunchy top virus is a regulated plant pest in new south wales. Effect of banana bunchy top virus infection on morphology. An economically important tropical plant virus disease. Towards understanding the evolution of banana bunchy top virus and the detection of associated badnaviruses a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy at the university of canterbury, new zealand daisy stainton 2015. Eradication of banana bunchy top virus bbtv and banana. Explants containing either vegetative shoot apices or terminal floral apices were used to initiate cultures.
The information provided here is about banana farming project report and you can find it at the bottom of this content. Magee cjp 1927 lnvestigation on the bunchy top disease of the banana. Control of banana bunchy top virus bbtv banana bunchy top virus bbtv is established as restricted matter under the act. Plants multiplied in culture were indistinguishable from noninfected control.
Bunchy top disease caused by banana bunchy top virus bbtv is emerging as a serious threat in several regions in central and southern africa. Plants multiplied in culture were indistinguishable from noninfected control plants and lacked characteristic symptoms of bbtv infection. There is no evidence that bbtv is spread through infected implements used in cultural or harvesting operations. Occurrence and distribution of banana bunchy top virus. The recent outbreak of the disease in south africa caused major concern to banana growers, as yield losses of up to 100% can be recorded. Virus host plants banana, plantain, abaca, wild banana, bird of paradise, ginger affected plant stages all growth stages affected plant parts whole plant symptoms the initial symptom is the presence of darkgreen spots on the petioles, midribs, and leaf veins of the newly emerging leaves. Transgenic virus resistance is now considered one of the most promising strategies to control bbtv. All attempts at mechanical transmission have failed.
Development of transgenic bananas for bbtv resistance. Bbtd is caused by the banana bunchy top virus bbtv, genus babuvirus which is. The cooperative extension service 1997 states that, \ banana bunchy top virus is spread by the banana aphid, which acquires the virus after at least four but usually about 18 hours of feeding on an infected plant. Abaca bunchy top virus abtv is a pathogenic plant virus of the family nanoviridae. Pdf banana bunchy top virus bbtv is one of the most important viral. Bunchy top disease, caused by banana bunchy top virus bbtv is one of the most important constraints on banana production in several countries of asia, africa, and the pacific, including hawaii 2,3,4. Bunchy top the banana knowledge platform of the promusa. Mlos have been observed in the phloem of infected plants using transmission electron microscopy, and infected plants treated with tetracyclinebased antibiotics exhibited a remission of symptoms. Abtv has many similarities to banana bunchy top virus. The global distribution of banana bunchy top virus reveals.
Bbtv is responsible for the most devastating virus disease of banana known as bunchy top, for which conventional control. Current control strategies are limited to insecticide sprays and roguing of symptomatic plants, however control tactics are based on anecdotal evidence. Endophytic bacteria induces systemic resistance against banana bunchy top virus. A simple, reliable, and highthroughput method for detecting bbtv in plants and aphids has been developed, which involves tissues disruption from banana plants and. First report of banana bunchy top virus in banana musa spp. Its integral genome consists of at least six circular ssdna genome components and is associated with all geographical isolates of bbtv. Cultural control banana bunchy top disease can be effectively controlled by the eradication of diseased plants and the use of virus tested planting material. Bbtv is known to cause the most serious economic losses in the old world, contributing to a yield reduction of up to 100% and responsible for a dramatic reduction in cropping area. Once a plant becomes infected by the banana bunchy top virus bbtv it cannot be cured. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv, genus babuvirus in the 1960s in drc kumar et al. Bunchy top disease, caused by banana bunchy top virus bbtv is one of the most important constraints on banana. In the last 8 months, 54 banana growers from oahu and the big island received 12,651 virus free banana plants produced.
Epidemiological factors influencing the success of roguing for the control of bunchy top disease of bananas in new south wales. Banana bunchy top virus the banana knowledge platform of. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv00overview eppo global database. Current diagnostic methods for bbtv are laborious and prone to generate falsenegative results. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a major constraint to banana production in the philippines. The rate of virus free plant regeneration from banana bunchy top virus bbtv infected plants was 57. Bunchy top the banana knowledge platform of the promusa network. Although bunchy top was originally thought to be caused by a virus, the disease is most likely caused by a mycoplasmalike organism mlo. Pdf reduction in banana bunchy top virus infution rate by using. Before destruction, diseased plants should first be sprayed with power kerosene or insecticide to kill all viruliferous aphids. Bbtv causes bunchy top disease of banana and plantain.
Banana bunchy top virus detection characterization management elisa dotblot pcr realtime pcr vector transmission. Bunchy top is a viral disease caused by the banana bunchy top virus bbtv. Towards understanding the evolution of banana bunchy top. Latest pest reports international plant protection convention. Banana bunchy top disease bbtd is considered one of the most economically important plant viral diseases worldwide dale, 1987, moffat, 2001. Banana bunchy top virus nsw department of primary industries. Highthroughput detection of banana bunchy top virus in. Abtv has been isolated from both abaca musa textilis and banana musa sp. Banana bunchy top virus ctahr university of hawaii. General information about banana bunchy top virus bbtv00. One may diagnose banana bunchy top more accurately by observing the more subtle disease symptoms associated with leaf veins morse code, green jhooks and petioles mottling, rather than the bunchy. Pdf pcr detection of banana bunchy top virus bbtv at. After 16 months in culture plants were established in the.
Namratha nd, narayan bm, chougal a, chidanand ar 2018 development of rapidot immunoassays for the detection of banana bunchy top virus. Banana bunchy top virus detection characterization management elisa dotblot pcr realtime pcr vector transmission host range virus diversity. The banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a circular singlestranded dna virus 1820 nm in diameter that causes bunchy top in bananas. Banana farming project report, cost and profit details. Biology, etiology, and control of virus diseases of banana and plantain. Although unequivocal evidence by reproduction of the disease through inoculation of purified virions or cloned genomic components is lacking, definitive association of bbtv with bunchy top disease was demonstrated by insect vectormediated transmission of bbtv from an.
This facility continuously provides banana bunchy top virus. Towards understanding the evolution of banana bunchy top virus and the detection of associated badnaviruses a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of. It seems there is an epidemic lately of people thinking they have bbtv here on the mainland. Banana plants were sampled to create a farmer friendly sampling plan for. Tv was identified in south africa in 2015, on musa plantations in kwazulunatal kzn. Bunchy top virus bbtv is listed among the worlds worst. A new distribution map is provided for banana bunchy top virus. Banana bunchy top virus and the bunchy top disease. Predicting the benefits of banana bunchy top virus exclusion. Certified tissue culture plants are safe to distribute.
The causal agent of bbtd is the banana bunchy top virus bbtv, belonging to the genus babuvirus, family nanoviridae. Mac and mar had the highest starch, amylose, and amylopectin contents and. Development of rapidot immunoassays for the detection of. Almeida2 1 department of plant and environmental protection sciences, university of hawaii at manoa, honolulu, hi, usa. Regardless of the reason, it is a simple fact that the days of banana diseases, banana bunchy top virus principally, are numbered. Dale j, burns t, oehlschlager s, karan m, harding r.
Studies over the past 100 years have contributed to important knowledge on disease biology, distribution, and spread. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a threat to hawaii bananas. The recent outbreak of the disease in south africa caused major concern to banana. Diseased banana plants cease to produce fruit, and become a source of the virus that can. Localization, concentration, and transmission efficiency. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a circular, singlestranded css dna virus that belongs to the genus babuvirus in the family nanoviridae. Plants were established in vitro from banana bunchy0top virus bbtv infeeted plants. Banana bunchy top is a viral disease caused by a singlestranded dna virus called the banana bunchy top virus bbtv. Fighting the threats of banana bunchy top disease in africa. Report number zaf341 country south africa pest id banana bunchy top virus bbtv00 report status preliminary hosts banana musa spp. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv magnaye and valmayo undated describe a variety of methods that can help readers recognize an infestation. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a circular singlestranded ss plant dna virus and the type member of the genus babuvirus in the family nanoviridae. A multipronged approach has been taken to characterize banana bunchy top virus and its causes, spread and potential control in hawaii. Gamma radiation and in vitro induced banana bunchy top virus.
Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is one of the most severe and widespread virus limiting production and distribution of planting material of banana musa spp. This imposes an obligation on persons to report the presence of bbtv to an authorised officer and to take reasonable. It is fairly common and very problematic in hawaii, but rarely is found here in the us, even in florida. The banana aphids pentalonia nigronervosa are the insect vectors of banana bunchy top virus bbtv, the viral cause of banana bunchy top disease bbtd. Detection of the bbtv infection in the planting material could help in the effective management. The causal agent of bbtd is the banana bunchy top virus. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is the causal agent of banana bunchy top disease. Abtv has many similarities to banana bunchy top virus bbtv but is both genetically and serologically distinct in that it lacks two open reading frames found in bbtvs genome. Cultural control banana bunchy top disease can be effectively controlled by the eradication of diseased plants and the use of virustested planting material. Banana bunchy top virus and the bunchy top disease springerlink. Management of banana bunchy top virus in hawaii principal investigator. Current control strategies are limited to insecticide sprays and roguing of symptomatic plants, however control.
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